NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2010Todd C. Wehner Professor Tammy L. Ellington Research Specialist Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695-7609 Spring (Stage 3) Pickling Cucumber Trial 2010 Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington Experiment Design 1. A randomized complete block with 3 replications of pickle cultivars and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown. 2. Plots were single 20 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end. 3. Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center). 4. Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant and 30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage. 5. Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A. 6. The trial was planted 10 May, and harvested 6 times (Mondays and Thursdays) between 21 June and 9 July. Data Collection 1. Firmness was measured on 3 Grade 3 fruits using a Magness-Taylor tester with a 5/16" tip. 2. Length/Diameter ratio was calculated by measuring 5 Grade 2 fruits. 3. Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best. 4. Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace, 3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead. Results The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced to the next stage: 1 Vlaspik Seminis 2 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 3 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 4 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 5 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 6 CrossCountry Harris Moran 7 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 8 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 9 PCX-112 Baker Seeds Table 6. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - yield data (cultigens are ranked by fruit value). _________________________________________________________________________________ Fruit grade distribution Plants Cultivar Seed Value Weight (% by weight) per A Rank or line source ($) (cwt) Cull No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 (x1000) _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 3600 524 13 4 20 50 13 26 2 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 3499 407 8 10 31 42 8 26 3 Vlaspik Seminis 3292 529 25 5 20 39 11 26 4 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 3084 461 15 5 21 43 15 24 5 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 3004 496 29 6 17 39 9 26 6 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 2990 526 19 4 16 40 21 23 7 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 2923 466 15 5 21 39 21 26 8 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 2866 515 30 3 19 37 10 26 9 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 2799 468 18 5 19 37 20 26 10 CrossCountry Harris Moran 2757 492 22 4 18 37 19 26 11 Calypso NCStateUniv. 2709 476 20 5 18 37 21 26 12 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 2651 440 21 5 21 35 18 26 13 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 2645 280 12 15 41 27 5 26 14 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 2623 410 20 6 20 40 15 26 15 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 2523 490 36 4 16 35 10 26 16 Vlasstar Seminis 2444 386 21 7 23 32 17 25 17 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 2403 365 17 5 26 36 17 25 18 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 2350 349 16 6 25 37 17 20 19 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 2344 234 17 18 46 17 2 20 20 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 2341 418 25 4 23 29 18 26 21 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 2281 457 26 3 19 30 22 26 22 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 2231 403 17 5 17 36 24 26 23 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 2151 370 21 5 19 35 19 26 24 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 2075 368 25 5 19 34 17 18 25 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 2066 414 29 4 20 27 21 24 26 Johnston NCStateUniv. 1946 305 24 5 23 35 12 9 27 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 1782 393 19 3 16 29 33 26 28 H-19 Seminis 1635 163 8 16 44 26 5 26 29 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 1536 257 19 5 21 34 21 9 30 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 1108 254 25 2 14 30 28 26 31 Coolgreen Seminis 988 166 19 5 22 35 20 11 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 13 10 17 22 15 13 26 10 Mean 2440 396 20 6 22 35 16 24 LSD (5%) 504 68 6 2 6 7 7 4 _________________________________________________________________________________ Correlation (Fruit value with fruit weight) = 0.79** Table 7. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - earliness data (cultigens are ranked by fruit value in harvests 1 and 2). _________________________________________________________________________________ Cumulative fruit value and % of total valuez (8 harvests) for harvest: Cultivar Seed 1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 Rank or line source $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A % _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 1665 46 152 60 3016 84 3113 86 3369 93 2 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 1135 39 802 62 2499 87 2577 90 2739 95 3 Vlaspik Seminis 1138 35 625 50 2495 76 2723 82 3148 96 4 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 967 37 519 58 2201 84 2260 86 2489 95 5 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 832 27 482 48 2250 73 2431 79 2835 92 6 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 969 33 473 50 2307 78 2530 85 2823 95 7 CrossCountry Harris Moran 892 32 410 51 2138 78 2330 85 2587 94 8 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 876 29 395 47 2245 75 2420 80 2820 94 9 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 839 30 371 49 2094 75 2272 81 2576 92 10 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 773 26 316 45 2080 71 2291 78 2721 93 11 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 673 27 211 48 1963 78 2103 84 2431 96 12 Calypso NCStateUniv. 675 25 196 44 1970 73 2159 80 2554 94 13 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 558 25 086 48 1679 74 1791 79 2082 91 14 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 676 26 079 41 1831 69 1991 75 2509 95 15 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 526 24 036 46 1664 75 1797 81 2107 94 16 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 504 22 962 41 1648 70 1807 77 2184 93 17 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 453 25 815 46 1258 71 1443 81 1673 94 18 Vlasstar Seminis 370 15 803 33 1609 66 1843 75 2250 92 19 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 366 17 778 37 1292 62 1448 69 1825 88 20 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 331 15 743 35 1459 68 1677 78 2049 95 21 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 271 11 735 31 1379 58 1597 68 2079 88 22 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 352 16 655 31 1289 62 1449 70 1849 89 23 Johnston NCStateUniv. 332 17 650 33 1264 65 1410 72 1789 92 24 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 168 7 637 26 1347 56 1674 70 2093 87 25 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 349 31 575 51 820 73 914 82 1053 95 26 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 178 5 514 15 1626 47 2022 58 2766 79 27 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 221 15 452 30 860 56 1117 72 1441 94 28 Coolgreen Seminis 76 7 383 40 799 82 872 90 956 97 29 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 22 1 137 5 906 34 1209 45 1987 75 30 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 11 0 79 4 668 27 1016 41 1567 64 31 H-19 Seminis 10 1 19 1 165 10 445 26 883 52 ________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 24 24 16 13 12 8 13 7 13 4 Mean 555 21 971 39 1639 66 1830 74 2201 90 LSD (5%) 215 8 261 8 327 8 386 8 471 7 ________________________________________________________________________________ Correlation (Fruit value with value in harvests 1 and 2) = 0.64** Table 8. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - fruit quality data (cultigens are ranked by average quality). _________________________________________________________________________________ Overall Cultivar Seed Average Seed- impres- Rank or line source qualityz Shapez Colory cellz sionz _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 7.7 8.3 8.0 6.7 8.0 2 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 7.3 7.7 8.0 7.0 7.3 3 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 7.2 7.3 8.0 7.0 7.3 4 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 7.1 7.7 7.0 6.0 7.7 5 Vlaspik Seminis 7.1 7.3 7.3 6.7 7.3 6 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 7.1 7.3 7.3 6.7 7.3 7 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 6.9 8.0 7.0 5.0 7.7 8 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 6.9 7.0 8.0 6.0 7.7 9 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 6.8 7.0 7.7 6.3 7.0 10 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 6.8 7.0 6.0 6.3 7.0 11 CrossCountry Harris Moran 6.8 7.3 8.0 5.3 7.7 12 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 6.7 7.7 7.0 4.7 7.7 13 Johnston NCStateUniv. 6.7 7.3 7.7 5.3 7.3 14 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.7 6.7 15 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 6.6 7.0 5.7 6.0 6.7 16 Vlasstar Seminis 6.6 7.3 6.3 5.0 7.3 17 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 6.4 7.0 8.0 5.0 7.3 18 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 6.4 7.0 6.0 6.0 6.3 19 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 6.2 7.3 7.7 4.3 7.0 20 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 6.2 7.0 4.0 5.7 6.0 21 Calypso NCStateUniv. 6.2 6.7 4.7 5.7 6.3 22 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 6.1 6.7 6.3 5.3 6.3 23 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 6.1 6.7 4.0 5.3 6.3 24 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 6.0 7.0 5.7 4.3 6.7 25 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 5.7 6.3 6.0 4.3 6.3 26 Coolgreen Seminis 5.6 6.3 4.7 4.0 6.3 27 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 5.4 6.3 6.3 3.7 6.3 28 H-19 Seminis 5.3 6.0 5.0 4.0 6.0 29 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 5.3 5.7 6.0 4.7 5.7 30 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 4.9 6.0 4.0 3.0 5.7 31 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 4.3 4.7 4.3 3.3 5.0 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 9.6 11.0 11.0 16.1 10.8 Mean 6.4 6.9 6.4 5.3 6.8 LSD (5%) 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.2 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent). y Color rated 1 to 9 (1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green). Correlation (Fruit value with average quality) = 0.10ns Table 9. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - other quality data (cultigens are ranked by average quality).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Firm- L/D Defects1° Defects2° Rank or line source ness ratio 2 4 6 2 4 6 _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 17 3.2 K K K K K G 2 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 17 3.2 K K K T T G 3 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 16 3.3 K K K K D G 4 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 16 3.2 K M K M K G 5 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 16 3.7 T T V W W T 6 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 16 3.5 M M D K D G 7 Vlaspik Seminis 16 3.5 K K G G G K 8 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 16 3.6 V V V T T G 9 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 15 3.4 T K G K D T 10 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 15 3.3 K T K G G G 11 Johnston NCStateUniv. 15 3.4 K G G G K T 12 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 15 3.1 K K K K T M 13 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 15 3.3 K K K K G G 14 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 15 3.0 W W W K K K 15 Calypso NCStateUniv. 15 3.3 V W K K K V 16 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 15 2.9 W W V H K K 17 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 15 3.2 K K K M H G 18 H-19 Seminis 15 3.0 V V V K K K 19 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 15 3.5 K T T G G G 20 CrossCountry Harris Moran 14 3.4 K T K G K G 21 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 14 3.4 K D D G D G 22 Vlasstar Seminis 14 3.1 H K K K H D 23 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 14 3.5 G G M T T G 24 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 14 3.1 K H K K K T 25 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 14 3.8 K T G G D D 26 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 14 3.4 G G G K T T 27 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 13 2.9 H Y W W T K 28 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 12 3.2 K T D T M T 29 Coolgreen Seminis 12 3.5 O T T T K G 30 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 12 3.0 K D D D H K 31 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 10 2.6 H H H A A A _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 10 7.5 Mean 15 3.3 LSD (5%) 2 0.4 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent). Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest): A - wArty fruit J – RiDGed S - Separated carpels B - Blossom end defects K - Keep(excellent) T - Tapered ends C - Crooks excessive L - Late maturity U - Uniform green D - Dogbone shape M - Mottled fruit V - Varicolor (dark stem E - Early maturity N - Nubs excessive end, light blossom end) F - Four celled O - Offtype fruit W - White fruit G - lonG fruit P - Placental hollows X - neCKS on fruit H - sHort fruit Q - Y - Yellow fruit I - strIped fruit R - Reject (poor) Z - diSeased fruit Table 10. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - sex expression and vine data (cultigens are ranked by gynoecious rating). _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Gyn. Vine Vine Rank or line source ratingz size y colorx _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 9 8 6 2 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 8 8 6 3 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 8 8 7 4 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 8 8 6 5 Vlaspik Seminis 8 7 7 6 Vlasstar Seminis 8 7 6 7 Calypso NCStateUniv. 7 7 8 8 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 7 7 7 9 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 7 7 6 10 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 7 7 8 11 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 7 6 7 12 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 7 8 7 13 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 7 8 7 14 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 6 8 7 15 Johnston NCStateUniv. 6 6 6 16 CrossCountry Harris Moran 6 8 7 17 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 6 8 6 18 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 6 8 7 19 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 6 6 8 20 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 5 7 7 21 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 5 8 8 22 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 5 8 7 23 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 5 8 5 24 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 4 8 8 25 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 4 7 8 26 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 4 7 7 27 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 4 7 5 28 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 4 7 5 29 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 4 7 5 30 Coolgreen Seminis 4 6 5 31 H-19 Seminis 4 6 5 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 18 10 12 Mean 6 7 7 LSD (5%) 2 1 1 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Gynoecious rating (1 = androecious, 2-3 = andromonoecious, 4-6 = monoecious, 7-8 = predominately gynoecious, 9 = gynoecious). y Size rated 1 to 9 (1=very small, 9=very large). x Color rated 1 to 9 (1=yellow, 9=very dark green). Correlation (Yield w/ gynoecious rating) = 0.52**; (Yield w/ vine size) = 0.40** Table 11. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - disease data (cultigens are ranked by average disease resistance).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Downy Rank or line source mildew _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 3.0 2 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 3.0 3 CrossCountry Harris Moran 3.0 4 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 3.3 5 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 3.3 6 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 3.7 7 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 3.7 8 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 3.7 9 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 3.7 10 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 4.3 11 Vlasstar Seminis 4.3 12 Calypso NCStateUniv. 4.3 13 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 4.3 14 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 4.3 15 Vlaspik Seminis 4.7 16 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 4.7 17 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 5.0 18 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 5.0 19 Johnston NCStateUniv. 5.0 20 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 5.0 21 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 5.0 22 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 5.0 23 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 5.3 24 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 5.3 25 Coolgreen Seminis 5.3 26 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 5.7 27 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 6.0 28 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 6.3 29 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 6.7 30 H-19 Seminis 6.7 31 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 7.0 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 19.5 Mean 4.7 LSD (5%) 1.5 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Disease rated 0 to 9 (0=none, 1-2=trace, 3-4=slight, 5-6=moderate, 7-8=advanced, 9=plant dead). Correlation (Yield vs. disease rating) =-0.42** Table 12. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked by SWI1).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Simple weighted Average rank Cultivar Seed indexes indexes Rank or line source SWI1 SWI2 ARI1 ARI2 _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 HSX-6022 HortAg Seeds 14.9 10.9 17.9 16.3 2 Vlaspik Seminis 13.8 10.8 8.9 9.2 3 HSX-9050 HortAg Seeds 13.1 10.1 17.1 15.8 4 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 12.9 10.0 12.3 12.1 5 Raleigh NCStateUniv. 12.8 10.2 10.6 10.4 6 PCX-155 Baker Seeds 12.6 10.0 11.1 11.5 7 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 12.5 9.8 10.9 10.5 8 CrossCountry Harris Moran 12.4 10.0 9.7 9.5 9 Exp09-2431 Bejo Seeds 12.4 9.9 9.0 9.0 10 Exp09-2873 Bejo Seeds 12.4 9.9 10.1 11.0 11 PCX-112 Baker Seeds 11.2 9.3 9.4 11.7 12 Calypso NCStateUniv. 11.2 9.1 14.7 13.9 13 NC-Merritt NCStateUniv. 10.9 8.9 16.5 16.6 14 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 10.6 8.8 11.5 10.9 15 NC-Moriah NCStateUniv. 10.2 8.5 18.5 16.1 16 PCX-105 Baker Seeds 10.1 8.4 14.6 14.6 17 NC-Lexington NCStateUniv. 10.1 8.6 17.4 18.4 18 Vlasstar Seminis 9.7 8.2 14.9 16.4 19 Exp09-2420 Bejo Seeds 9.5 8.1 13.7 14.0 20 NC-Danbury NCStateUniv. 9.4 7.9 14.1 15.7 21 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 9.0 7.7 17.3 17.4 22 NC-Dawson NCStateUniv. 8.8 7.6 19.4 19.0 23 Johnston NCStateUniv. 8.4 7.2 17.1 18.3 24 Sumter ClemsonUniv. 8.2 7.1 20.4 19.0 25 NC-Denton NCStateUniv. 8.2 7.0 23.3 21.1 26 NC-Longhurst NCStateUniv. 7.6 6.7 19.4 20.8 27 NC-Leland NCStateUniv. 7.1 6.4 17.5 19.4 28 NC-Duplin NCStateUniv. 6.9 6.0 19.8 21.2 29 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 5.9 5.3 27.0 25.1 30 Coolgreen Seminis 5.5 5.0 24.7 24.3 31 H-19 Seminis 5.1 4.6 27.3 26.8 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 8.6 7.0 17.7 14.2 Mean 10.1 8.3 16.0 16.0 LSD (5%) 1.4 0.9 4.6 3.7 _________________________________________________________________________________ z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different methods of weighting each trait (10 is best, 1 is worst). ARI is the average ranking of each cultigen for yield, earliness, fruit quality and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different sets of secondary traits added in with the primary traits (1 is best). Correlation (Yield with SWI1) = 0.91** Correlation (Yield with ARI1) = -0.61**