NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2005Todd C. Wehner Professor Tammy L. Ellington Agric. Res. Tech. III Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695-7609 Spring (Stage 3) Slicing Cucumber Trial 2005 Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington Experiment Design 1. A randomized complete block with 3 replications of slicer cultivars and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown. 2. Plots were single 20 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end. 3. Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center). 4. Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant and 30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage. 5. Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A. 6. The trial was planted 9 May, and harvested 6 times (Mondays and Thursdays) between 20 June and 8 July. Data Collection 1. Fruits were weighed after sorting into No.1, No.2 and cull (nubs and crooks) grades according to U.S.D.A. standards. 2. Fruit length, diameter and weight were recorded for 3 fruit per plot. 3. Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best. 4. Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace, 3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead. Results The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced to the next stage: 01 G57xNC-63 NC State 02 Talladega Seminis 03 GeneralLee4440 Harris Moran 04 Intimidator Seminis 05 G57xNC-58 NC State 06 Dasher II Seminis 07 PX350-2409 Seminis Table 23. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - yield data (cultigens ranked by cwt/A of Fancy + No. 1 grade fruit). _________________________________________________________________________________ Yield(cwt/A) Percent Plants Cultivar Seed Fancy Market- fancy Percent per A Rank or line source +No.1 able +No.1 culls (x1000) _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 348 560 57 9 26 2 PX350-2409 Seminis 341 481 65 9 26 3 Talladega Seminis 324 514 57 10 26 4 NUN-1503 Nunhems 307 527 50 14 26 5 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 300 491 51 16 26 6 NUN-2002 Nunhems 290 464 51 19 26 7 Dasher II Seminis 289 522 50 8 26 8 NUN-2001 Nunhems 269 470 50 13 26 9 Intimidator Seminis 266 470 50 11 26 10 G57xNC-62 NC State 261 439 46 22 26 11 G57xNC-58 NC State 256 481 41 23 26 12 Panther Nunhems 253 439 52 11 26 13 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 248 415 53 9 26 14 G57xNC-59 NC State 246 477 40 21 26 15 G83xNC-59 NC State 236 445 46 13 26 16 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 234 434 50 8 26 17 Stratford58x59 NC State 229 451 37 27 26 18 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 228 482 43 10 26 19 Stonewall HarrisMoran 227 452 47 9 26 20 Ashley ClemsonUniv 220 357 53 14 26 21 G83xNC-58 NC State 214 497 34 21 26 22 G57xNC-63 NC State 212 487 34 23 26 23 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 204 414 37 24 26 24 Bush Champion Burpee 187 367 42 18 26 25 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 175 285 59 4 26 26 G83xNC-62 NC State 160 376 30 28 26 27 G83xNC-63 NC State 157 393 31 23 26 28 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 135 341 28 28 26 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 20 15 15 29 0 Mean 243 448 46 16 26 LSD (5%) 81 108 12 7 0 _________________________________________________________________________________ Correlation (Marketable yield with % culls) = -0.29** Table 24. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - earliness data (cultigens ranked by weight of Fancy + No.1 grade fruit in harvests 1 and 2). _________________________________________________________________________________ Cumulative fruit weight and % of total weight (6 harvests) for harvest:____ Cultivar Seed 1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5___ Rank or line source Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 G57xNC-63 NC State 17 3 148 30 216 44 293 60 443 91 2 G57xNC-59 NC State 17 4 110 23 200 42 278 58 425 89 3 G57xNC-58 NC State 9 2 110 23 195 40 284 59 430 89 4 G57xNC-62 NC State 18 4 100 24 199 47 291 67 385 88 5 Intimidator Seminis 8 2 96 20 198 42 323 69 418 89 6 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 15 3 86 18 195 40 312 64 432 88 7 G83xNC-58 NC State 1 0 84 17 158 32 277 56 457 92 8 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 5 1 78 18 148 36 229 56 330 80 9 Stratford58x59 NC State 13 3 74 17 205 45 270 59 424 94 10 Dasher II Seminis 5 1 69 14 161 32 255 51 420 82 11 G83xNC-62 NC State 12 3 64 17 151 40 227 60 322 85 12 G83xNC-59 NC State 10 2 63 13 144 32 238 53 385 86 13 Talladega Seminis 3 1 56 11 176 35 315 61 468 91 14 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 0 0 54 17 146 42 208 61 319 93 15 G83xNC-63 NC State 6 1 48 12 149 38 218 55 326 83 16 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 5 1 43 8 142 25 274 49 456 81 17 NUN-2001 Nunhems 0 0 43 9 119 25 252 54 415 88 18 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 6 1 42 10 153 37 220 53 333 80 19 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 0 0 39 9 108 25 196 45 362 83 20 Panther Nunhems 2 0 38 9 108 24 234 53 360 82 21 NUN-2002 Nunhems 0 0 28 6 91 20 204 46 435 93 22 PX350-2409 Seminis 6 1 21 4 163 33 298 63 393 82 23 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 2 0 19 4 156 32 266 56 396 82 24 Stonewall HarrisMoran 3 0 18 3 63 12 243 51 383 84 25 NUN-1503 Nunhems 0 0 12 2 107 20 299 57 403 76 26 Ashley ClemsonUniv 0 0 10 3 67 19 114 32 271 76 27 Bush Champion Burpee 0 0 5 1 48 13 127 35 311 85 28 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 0 0 0 0 19 7 63 22 212 74 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 98 91 45 44 27 23 21 18 18 8 Mean 6 1 56 12 142 31 243 54 383 85 LSD (5%) 9 2 41 9 63 12 84 15 110 11 _________________________________________________________________________________ Correlation (Marketable yield with yield in harvests 1-2) = 0.31** Correlation (Marketable yield with % of yield in harvests 1-2) = 0.14ns Table 25. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit quality data (cultigens ranked by average quality).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Average Seed- Overall Rank or line source quality Shape Color cell impression _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 PX350-2409 Seminis 7.3 8 8 7 7 2 NUN-2001 Nunhems 7.2 8 8 6 8 3 Stonewall HarrisMoran 7.2 7 8 7 7 4 Intimidator Seminis 6.9 7 8 6 8 5 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 6.9 7 8 7 7 6 NUN-1503 Nunhems 6.9 7 8 7 7 7 G57xNC-58 NC State 6.8 7 7 6 7 8 G57xNC-62 NC State 6.7 7 7 6 7 9 Dasher II Seminis 6.7 7 8 6 7 10 G57xNC-63 NC State 6.7 7 7 6 7 11 Stratford58x59 NC State 6.7 6 8 7 7 12 Talladega Seminis 6.6 7 8 5 7 13 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 6.3 6 8 7 6 14 Panther Nunhems 6.2 7 8 5 6 15 G83xNC-58 NC State 6.2 7 8 6 6 16 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 6.2 6 8 6 7 17 NUN-2002 Nunhems 6.2 6 7 6 7 18 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 6.1 7 8 5 7 19 G83xNC-59 NC State 6.1 6 7 6 6 20 Bush Champion Burpee 6.1 6 6 6 6 21 G83xNC-63 NC State 6.0 6 8 6 6 22 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 5.9 7 8 5 6 23 G57xNC-59 NC State 5.9 6 8 5 6 24 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 5.8 6 7 5 6 25 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 5.7 6 6 5 6 26 G83xNC-62 NC State 5.6 6 8 5 6 27 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 5.6 5 8 6 5 28 Ashley ClemsonUniv 5.4 5 6 6 5 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 10.4 13 9 15 13 Mean 6.3 7 8 6 7 LSD (5%) 1.1 1 1 1 1 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent; except color where 1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green). Correlation (Marketable yield with average quality) = 0.19ns Table 26. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit dimensions and comments (cultigens ranked by average quality rating).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Length Diameter Wt. Defect1° Defect2° Rank or line source (inch) (inch) (lb.) 2 4 6 2 4 6 _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 PX350-2409 Seminis 7.8 2.1 0.82 K H K H K T 2 NUN-2001 Nunhems 8.4 2.1 0.79 J G K O T G 3 Stonewall HarrisMoran 7.8 2.1 0.72 K K H H T K 4 Intimidator Seminis 7.9 2.2 0.80 H K K K K T 5 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 6.9 1.7 0.78 H H G L L K 6 NUN-1503 Nunhems 8.8 2.3 0.94 K K K T T G 7 G57xNC-58 NC State 8.7 2.3 1.04 D T H J K T 8 G57xNC-62 NC State 8.4 2.3 0.97 K K H G T T 9 Dasher II Seminis 8.1 2.1 0.87 K K K H K H 10 G57xNC-63 NC State 8.9 2.3 1.09 K K H D K T 11 Stratford58x59 NC State 8.1 2.2 0.96 K H H J J K 12 Talladega Seminis 7.9 2.1 0.78 K K H T T T 13 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 8.4 2.3 0.98 D H H J J K 14 Panther Nunhems 7.9 2.2 0.82 J T H O H K 15 G83xNC-58 NC State 8.6 2.3 1.00 K H H H T T 16 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 7.8 2.2 0.76 H K H T T T 17 NUN-2002 Nunhems 8.0 2.2 0.92 J G T T T G 18 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 8.2 2.2 0.93 H H H K K T 19 G83xNC-59 NC State 8.6 2.2 0.95 K H M H K I 20 Bush Champion Burpee 9.1 2.0 0.76 G G J J M G 21 G83xNC-63 NC State 7.9 2.3 0.87 H H J D K H 22 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 7.5 2.1 0.83 H H K T K H 23 G57xNC-59 NC State 8.1 2.2 1.05 K D H T T T 24 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 8.0 2.0 0.83 K T I T H H 25 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 7.6 2.1 0.83 H M M M T H 26 G83xNC-62 NC State 8.2 2.1 0.99 K H J H K H 27 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 7.7 2.2 0.82 H H J T J H 28 Ashley ClemsonUniv 7.2 2.2 0.82 H M M M H H _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 6.5 6.7 13.52 Mean 8.1 2.1 0.88 LSD (5%) 0.9 0.2 0.20 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest): A - wArty fruit J - RiDGed S - Separated carpels B - Blossom end defects K - Keep(excellent) T - Tapered ends C - Crooks excessive L - Late maturity U - Uniform green D - Dogbone shape M - Mottled fruit V - Varicolor (dark stem E - Early maturity N - Nubs excessive end, light blossom end) F - Four celled O - Offtype fruit W - White fruit G - lonG fruit P - Placental hollows X - neCKS on fruit H - sHort fruit Q - Y - Yellow fruit I - strIped fruit R - Reject (poor) Z - diSeased fruit Table 27. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit keeping ability data (cultigens are ranked by % weight loss). _________________________________________________________________________________ Weight Rating (0 - 9)y Firm- Cultivar Seed loss Shriv- Rots & ness Rank or line source (%)z eling disease (lb.)x _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 PX350-2409 Seminis 14 4 1 16 2 NUN-2001 Nunhems 12 4 1 17 3 Stonewall HarrisMoran 15 3 1 15 4 Intimidator Seminis 12 4 1 16 5 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 11 3 1 15 6 NUN-1503 Nunhems 14 4 1 15 7 G57xNC-58 NC State 12 4 2 15 8 G57xNC-62 NC State 13 3 1 14 9 Dasher II Seminis 12 4 1 16 10 G57xNC-63 NC State 12 3 1 17 11 Stratford58x59 NC State 16 4 3 14 12 Talladega Seminis 14 3 1 16 13 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 13 3 3 14 14 Panther Nunhems 11 3 1 16 15 G83xNC-58 NC State 13 4 2 13 16 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 13 2 1 15 17 NUN-2002 Nunhems 12 4 1 16 18 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 12 2 1 15 19 G83xNC-59 NC State 13 3 2 15 20 Bush Champion Burpee 14 3 1 15 21 G83xNC-63 NC State 15 3 3 13 22 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 19 3 4 14 23 G57xNC-59 NC State 13 2 1 15 24 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 11 3 1 16 25 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 13 3 1 16 26 G83xNC-62 NC State 15 4 3 12 27 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 28 5 3 13 28 Ashley ClemsonUniv 13 4 2 15 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 36 34 90 9 Mean 14 3 2 15 LSD (5%) 8 2 2 2 _________________________________________________________________________________ z After storage at room temperature for 8 days in open kraft paper bags. y Shriveling & disease rated 0-9 (0=none, 1-3=slight, 4-6=moderate, 7-9=advanced). x Firmness after storage using Magness-Taylor fruit punch tester. Correlation (Weight loss with shriveling) = 0.45** Correlation (Weight loss with firmness) = -0.51** Table 28. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - sex expression and vine data (cultigens ranked by gynoecious rating). _________________________________________________________________________________ Early Earli- Cultivar Seed Gyn. yield ness Vine Vine Rank or line source ratingz (cwt/A) (%)x sizew colorw _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 G57xNC-58 NC State 9 110 23 8 7 2 Talladega Seminis 9 56 11 8 7 3 G57xNC-62 NC State 9 100 24 8 6 4 NUN-2001 Nunhems 8 43 9 8 7 5 G57xNC-63 NC State 8 148 30 7 6 6 G57xNC-59 NC State 8 110 23 8 6 7 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 8 19 4 7 8 8 PX350-2409 Seminis 7 21 4 8 9 9 Dasher II Seminis 7 69 14 8 8 10 NUN-2002 Nunhems 7 28 6 7 9 11 G83xNC-62 NC State 7 64 17 6 6 12 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 7 54 17 5 7 13 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 7 43 8 8 9 14 NUN-1503 Nunhems 7 12 2 7 8 15 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 7 78 18 7 5 16 Stonewall HarrisMoran 6 18 3 8 8 17 Intimidator Seminis 6 96 20 8 7 18 Stratford58x59 NC State 6 74 17 6 7 19 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 6 42 10 6 8 20 G83xNC-63 NC State 5 48 12 7 6 21 Bush Champion Burpee 5 5 1 4 6 22 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 4 86 18 7 6 23 G83xNC-58 NC State 4 84 17 7 5 24 Panther Nunhems 4 38 9 8 7 25 G83xNC-59 NC State 4 63 13 7 6 26 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 3 39 9 7 8 27 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 3 0 0 5 5 28 Ashley ClemsonUniv 3 10 3 6 7 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 21 45 44 10 15 Mean 6 56 12 7 7 LSD (5%) 2 41 9 1 2 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Gynoecious rating (1 = androecious, 2-3 = andromonoecious, 4-6 = monoecious, 7-8 = predominately gynoecious, 9 = gynoecious). y Early yield is weight of Fancy+No.1 grade fruit produced in harvests 1 and 2. x Earliness is the percent of the yield (Fancy + No.1 grade fruit) of 6 harvests that was produced in harvests 1 and 2. w Vine size & color are rated 1 (small or yellow green) to 9 (large or dark green) Correlation (Marketable yield with gynoecious rating) = 0.33** Table 29. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - disease ratings (cultigens ranked by average disease resistance).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Cultivar Seed Downy Rank or line source mildew _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 1.0 2 Stonewall HarrisMoran 1.0 3 PX350-2409 Seminis 1.3 4 NUN-2002 Nunhems 1.3 5 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 1.3 6 Talladega Seminis 1.7 7 Dasher II Seminis 1.7 8 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 1.7 9 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 1.7 10 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 1.7 11 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 1.7 12 G57xNC-62 NC State 2.0 13 G57xNC-63 NC State 2.0 14 G57xNC-59 NC State 2.0 15 NUN-1503 Nunhems 2.0 16 Intimidator Seminis 2.0 17 Stratford58x59 NC State 2.0 18 G83xNC-63 NC State 2.0 19 Ashley ClemsonUniv 2.0 20 G83xNC-58 NC State 2.3 21 Panther Nunhems 2.3 22 G83xNC-59 NC State 2.3 23 G57xNC-58 NC State 2.7 24 NUN-2001 Nunhems 2.7 25 G83xNC-62 NC State 2.7 26 Bush Champion Burpee 3.3 27 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 3.7 28 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 3.7 _________________________________________________________________________________ 29 CV (%) 49.2 30 Mean 2.1 31 LSD (5%) 1.7 _________________________________________________________________________________ z Disease rated 0 to 9 (0=none, 1-2=trace, 3-4=slight, 5-6=moderate, 7-8=advanced, 9=plant dead). Correlation (Marketable yield with disease rating) = -0.26* Table 30. Stage 3 spring slicer trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked by SWI1).z _________________________________________________________________________________ Simple weighted Average rank Cultivar Seed indexes indexes___ Rank or line source SWI1 SWI2 ARI1 ARI2 _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 G57xNC-63 NC State 9.4 8.0 12.4 11.3 2 Talladega Seminis 9.3 8.4 11.6 11.6 3 GeneralLee4440 HarrisMoran 9.3 8.4 14.5 13.2 4 Intimidator Seminis 9.2 8.1 10.3 10.4 5 G57xNC-58 NC State 9.2 8.0 11.6 12.0 6 Dasher II Seminis 9.1 8.2 11.2 11.0 7 PX350-2409 Seminis 9.1 8.4 9.1 10.7 8 Cherokee 87 CornellUniv 9.1 8.1 14.3 12.9 9 G57xNC-62 NC State 9.0 8.0 11.3 11.5 10 G57xNC-59 NC State 8.9 7.8 14.1 12.7 11 HMX-5410 HarrisMoran 8.5 7.5 14.0 13.7 12 NUN-1503 Nunhems 8.5 7.8 13.1 13.7 13 NUN-2001 Nunhems 8.4 7.6 11.8 13.4 14 Stratford58x59 NC State 8.3 7.4 11.9 12.3 15 G83xNC-58 NC State 8.3 7.3 15.2 14.2 16 NUN-2002 Nunhems 8.2 7.5 13.5 13.6 17 G83xNC-59 NC State 8.0 7.1 15.3 15.1 18 Panther Nunhems 7.8 7.1 15.3 15.6 19 Stonewall HarrisMoran 7.7 7.1 11.2 11.8 20 Poinsett 76 CornellUniv 7.6 6.9 16.5 16.2 21 BCS-003 HarrisMoran 7.5 7.0 14.9 14.3 22 Spacemaster 80 CornellUniv 6.9 6.2 20.4 19.9 23 G83xNC-62 NC State 6.8 6.1 20.3 19.5 24 G83xNC-63 NC State 6.7 6.1 17.8 17.4 25 Sunshine(62x63 NC State 6.6 6.0 16.1 15.5 26 Ashley ClemsonUniv 6.5 6.0 20.3 20.6 27 Bush Champion Burpee 6.1 5.7 19.8 20.9 28 Marketmore 76 CornellUniv 5.9 5.5 18.1 20.9 _________________________________________________________________________________ CV (%) 11.6 10.5 22.7 21.4 Mean 8.1 7.3 14.5 14.5 LSD (5%) 1.5 1.3 5.4 5.1 _________________________________________________________________________________ z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different methods of weighting each trait (10 is best, 1 is worst). ARI is the average ranking of each cultigen for yield, earliness, fruit quality and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different sets of secondary traits added in with the primary traits (1 is best). Correlation (Marketable yield with SWI1) = 0.83** Correlation (Marketable yield with ARI1) = -0.59**